MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT INJURY
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Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Injury

What is Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Injury? Your medial collateral ligament (MCL) is the knee ligament on the medial (inner) side of your knee connecting the medial femoral condyle and the medial tibial condyle. It is one of four major knee ligaments that help to stabilize the knee joint. It is a flat band of…

Facial nerve palsy
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Facial Nerve Palsy

What is a Facial Palsy? Facial nerve palsy is a condition that causes weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles. The facial nerve is responsible for controlling muscle movement in the face, and its function is vital to everyday life. Facial nerve palsy can be caused by a number of factors, including viral infections, trauma…

Aerobic exercise
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Aerobic Exercise

What is an Aerobic Exercise? Aerobic exercise is sometimes known as “cardio” — an exercise that requires the pumping of oxygenated blood by the heart to deliver oxygen to working muscles.Aerobic exercise stimulates the heart rate and breathing rate to increase in a way that can be sustained for the exercise session. In contrast, anaerobic…

Postural Drainage
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Postural Drainage: Method, Indication, Contraindication

What is a Postural Drainage? Postural Drainage removes mucus from certain parts of the lungs by using gravity and proper positioning to bring the secretions into the throat where it is easier to remove them. The lungs are divided into segments called lobes, the right lung is divided into three lobes (right upper lobe, right…

Emphysema
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Emphysema

What is an Emphysema? Emphysema is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by the gradual damage and deterioration of the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs. This condition primarily affects the elasticity of the lung tissue, making it difficult for individuals with emphysema to exhale air efficiently. The main cause of emphysema is long-term exposure to…

asthma
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Asthma

What is an Asthma? ”Bronchial asthma is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract, which is characterized by bronchial hyperreactivity and respiratory obstruction which is reversible (spontaneously or under the influence of bronchodilater) marked by wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and coughing”. symptoms may be episodic or chronic but the pattern may vary…

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) – Lou Gehrig’disease

DEFINITION Motor neuron diseases (MND) include a heterogeneous spectrum of inherited and sporadic (no family history) clinical disorders of the upper motor neurons (UMNs), lower motor neurons (LMNs), or a combination of both. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as” Lou Gehrig’disease”, is the most common and devastatingly fatal MND among adults. ”ALS is characterized…

Multiple sclerosis (MS)
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Multiple sclerosis (MS): Physiotherapy Treatment

Multiple sclerosis Definition: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, selective demyelination, and gliosis. It can cause both acute and chronic symptoms and can result in a significant disability and impaired quality of life.MS affects approximately 400,000 persons in the united states; worldwide MS affects approximately 2.1 million people. It was first…

Leprosy
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Leprosy and physiotherapy management

DEFINITION OF LEPROSY : 1: A chronic infectious disease caused by a mycobacterium (Mycobacterium leprae) affecting especially the skin and peripheral nerves and characterized by the formation of nodules or macules that enlarge and spread accompanied by loss of sensation with eventual paralysis, wasting of muscle, and production of deformities — called also Hansen’s disease2:…

DUPUYTREN'S CONTRACTURE
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Dupuytren’s Contracture

What is a Dupuytren’s Contracture? Dupuytren’s contracture is a condition in which one or more fingers become permanently bent in a flexed position. It usually begins as small hard nodules just under the skin of the palm. It then worsens over time until the fingers can no longer be straightened. While typically not painful some…