Special test for the tendon & muscle of the wrist joint

• These tests are applied to check the tendon & muscle of the wrist joint.
• These clinical tests are applied by to therapist [ examiner ] when the patient complies with wrist joint pain.
• These tests are applied to examine part of the assessment of the wrist joint.

Name of the Special test for the tendon & muscle of the wrist joint.

• Boyes test
• Bunnel – littler test
• Linburg’s sign
• Test for extensor hood rupture

Boyes test:

• Purpose = This boyes test is used to check the distal interphalangeal joint.
• This test also tests the central slip of the extensor hood.

• Technique = the patient is in a sitting position for the test.
• The examiner [ therapist ] holds the fingers to be an examiner in slight extension at the proximal interphalangeal joint.
• Then the examiner instructs the patient for doing to flex the distal interphalangeal joint.

• Result = if the patient is unable or has difficulty flexing the distal interphalangeal joint, it is considered a positive test.

Bunnel – littler test:

• This bunnel – littler test checks the structures around the metacarpophalangeal joint.

• Purpose = This bunnel – littler test is used to check the tightness of the intrinsic muscle or contracture of the joint capsule.

• Technique = The patient is in a sitting position for the test.
• The metacarpophalangeal joint is held slightly extended while the examine [ therapist ] moves the proximal interphalangeal joint into flexion, if possible.

• Result = if the test is positive which is indicated by the inability to flex the proximal interphalangeal joint, there is a tight intrinsic muscle or contracture of the joint capsule.

• If the metacarpophalangeal joints are slightly flexed, the proximal interphalangeal joints are flexed fully if the intrinsic muscles are tight, but it does not flex fully if the capsule is tight.

• The patient remains passive during the test.

• This test is also known as the intrinsic – plus test.

linburg’s sign:

• Purpose = This linburg’s sign test is used to check the paratenonitis at the interconnection.

• Technique = The patient is in a sitting position for the test.
• The patient flexes the thumb maximally onto the hypothenar eminence & actively extended the index finger as far as possible.
• If limited index finger paratenonitis at the interconnection between flexor policis longus & flexor indices [ an anomalous tendon condition seen in 10 % to 15 % of hands.

Test for extensor hood rupture:

• Purpose = This test for extensor hood rupture is used to check the torn central extensor hood of the wrist joint.

• Technique = The patient is in a sitting position for the test.
• The finger to be examined is flexed to 90′ at the proximal interphalangeal joint over the edge of a table.
• The finger of therapist is held in position by the examiner.
• The patient is asked to carefully extend the proximal interphalangeal joint while the examiner [ therapist ] palpates the middle phalanx.

• Result = a positive test for a torn central extensor hood is the examiner’s feeling little pressure from the middle phalanx while the distal interphalangeal joint is extending.