Special test for to swelling of knee :
- This special test is used by doctor or therapist for check to swelling & effusion.
- It is apply when to swelling is observe around to knee.
- Examiner is used for this test in examine part of to assessment.
- When to swelling is present knee is assumed to resting position of 15 ‘ to 30 ‘ of flexion.
Name of the special test :
- There are three tests for swelling of the knee.
- Fluctuation test
- Patellar tap test
- Indentation test
Purpose of to three tests:
- This three test are assesses to minimal effusion of test.
- It is also check to presence of swelling.
Fluctuation test :
How to perform this swelling test?
- The starting position of the patient is supine.
- The examiner is places to palm of one hand over to suprapatellar pouch & the palm of other hand is put to anterior to joint with the thumb & index finger just beyond to margins of to patella .
- After that press down with one hand and then with to other hands.
Result of this swelling test :
- during to pressing down examiner is feel to synovial fluid fluctuate under to hand & move from one hand to other.
- this sign indicates to effusion.
- in this situation test is positive &swelling is present around to knee.
Patellar tap test :
- This test is sometimes also known as to dancing patella sign.
- It is also known as to ballotable patella.
How to perform this swelling test?
- Starting position is supine.
- Into supine patient’s knee extended or flexed to discomfort.
- Then the therapist applies a slight tap or pressure over to the patella.
Result of this swelling test :
- When pressure is applied examiner is felt to float off to the patella like the dancing patella.
Modification of this swelling test :
- Into modification examiner is put to thumb & forefinger of one hand around to patella then apply slight pressure on to both side of the patella.
- After that examiner is stroked down on to suprapatellar pouch with to help of other hands.
Result of modification test :
- A positive test is indicated by the separation of to thumb & forefinger.
- It is detected to a large amount of swelling means 40 to 50 ml around to knee.
- It is noted by observation.
Indentation test:
How to perform this swelling test :
- The starting position for to test is supine.
- Examiner passively flexes to a good leg, noting the indentation on the lateral side of the patellar tendon.
- After that good knee is fully flexed & noting to remain of indentation.
- Then the injured knee is slowly flexed while to the examiner watches for the disappearance of to indentation sign.
- When to sign is disappearance at that point stopped to knee flexion.
- This disappearance of the indentation is caused by swelling & indicates to a positive test.
- Angle at which the indentation disappears depends on the amount of swellings.
- The grater of swellings; the sooner it disappears.
- If the examiner is placed on the thumb & finger on each side of the patellar tendon, the examiner is feeling to fluid fluctuate back &forth.
- It is detected to minimal levels of swellings.
