What is a Knee Varus Deformity? Varus deformity is an inward angulation (medial angulation, that is, toward the body’s mid-line) of the distal segment of a leg. Also known as Bow-legged or Genu varum. Causes of Knee Varus Deformity → When the knee is not perfectly aligned, otherwise known as Mal-aligned.→ Mal-alignment of the knees…
What is the Hallux Valgus Deformity? Hallux valgus is a progressive foot deformity in which the great toe deviated towards the 2nd finger (first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint) is affected and is often accompanied by significant functional disability and foot pain, tenderness, and swelling around the joint. There is a lateral deviation of the great toe…
What is a Sprengel’s Shoulder Deformity? Sprengel’s shoulder deformity, also known as congenital high scapula or undescended scapula, is a rare congenital condition that affects the development and positioning of the shoulder blade (scapula) during early fetal development. This condition is named after the German surgeon Carl Sprengel, who first described it in 1891. →In…
What is a Spina bifida (SPLIT SPINE)? Spina bifida is one of the neural tube defects. In which the failure of the fusion of two vertebral arches in the embryological stages of the developmental spine. Incidence of Spina Bifida: Spina bifida is one of the most common birth defects, with a worldwide average incidence of 1-2…
What is Congenital Dislocation of the Hip(CDH)? Congenital dislocation of the hip, also known as developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), is a condition where the hip joint is improperly formed or dislocated at birth. It occurs when a child is born with a dislocated hip (unstable hip). It is caused by abnormal development of…
CONGENITAL TALIPES EUINO VARUS (CTEV) DEFINITION/INTRODUCTION: Congenital talipes equinovarus, also known as ‘club foot’, is a congenital foot deformity present at birth. It is one of the most common congenital deformities. The foot consists of 26 bones. Most relevant for this congenital deformity are the talus, calcaneus and navicular. The calcaneus and navicular are medially…
TORTICOLLIS INTRODUCTION of Torticollis : Torticolis is a condition (also known as ‘wryneck’) in which the baby’s head is tilted. The head often rotates towards one shoulder and tilts away to the opposite side. The term ‘congenital’ is also sometime used when describing torticollis. This means that it is present at or shortly after birth….
What is a Cerebral Palsy? Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder that affects movement, muscle tone, and motor skills. It is caused by damage or abnormalities in the developing brain, usually before or during birth, but sometimes it can occur in early childhood. The specific cause of CP is often unknown, but it can…
