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Introduction The nervous system of the stomach. Types of Enteric Neurons Gastrointestinal neurons Preceptive afferent neurons Circular muscle motorneurons excitatory Circular muscle motorneurones inhibitory Motorneurons...

A local circuitry of neurons and ganglia that is located within the gut wall (from the esophagus to the rectum) is known as the submucosal...

Introduction The myenteric plexus, also known as Auerbach’s plexus, is a network of nerve fibers and ganglia located in the muscular layer of the gastrointestinal...

Introduction The suboccipital nerve is also referred to as the dorsal ramus of the first cervical nerve since it arises from the posterior/dorsal ramus of...

Introduction The brain and spinal cord divide from the walls of their bony enclosures or illustrations (the skull and spinal column) by three membranes called...

What is a Cerebrospinal Fluid? Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear or transparent, colorless plasma-like fluid that bathes or cleans the central nervous system (CNS)....

The optic nerve is highly important for your vision. It’s the 2nd cranial nerve out of 12 cranial nerves and part of your central nervous...

The mesencephalon or midbrain is the greatest rostral (front) segment of the brainstem that joins the cerebellum and pons with the forebrain. For most of...

Introduction of the forebrain The forebrain (prosencephalon) is the substantial part of the brain, most of which is the cerebrum. other cardinal structures present in...

What is a Hindbrain? The hindbrain (developmentally obtain from the rhombencephalon) is one of the three major areas of the brain, situated at the lower...