Enteric Nervous System
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Enteric Nervous System (ENS)

ByPoojasingh

Introduction The nervous system of the stomach. Types of Enteric Neurons Gastrointestinal neurons Preceptive afferent neurons Circular muscle motorneurons excitatory Circular muscle motorneurones inhibitory Motorneurons of longitudinal muscle Rising interneurons Motorneurons of longitudinal muscles Descending interneurons Neurons of the secretomotor and vasomotor Intestinofugal neurons Additional gastrointestinal regions Enteric neural networks Enteric nervous system modular organization…

Submucosal plexus
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Submucosal Plexus (Meissner Plexus)

ByPoojasingh

A local circuitry of neurons and ganglia that is located within the gut wall (from the esophagus to the rectum) is known as the submucosal plexus (also known as the Meissner plexus). The gut’s smooth muscle is innervated by it, which is located within the submucosa. The enteric nervous system is made up of the…

myentric plexus
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Myenteric plexus (Auerbach plexus)

ByPoojasingh

Introduction The myenteric plexus, also known as Auerbach’s plexus, is a network of nerve fibers and ganglia located in the muscular layer of the gastrointestinal tract. It is one of the two major plexuses of the enteric nervous system, which is a complex system of neurons that controls the functions of the digestive system. The…

suboccipital-nerve.
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Suboccipital Nerve

ByPoojasingh

Introduction The suboccipital nerve is also referred to as the dorsal ramus of the first cervical nerve since it arises from the posterior/dorsal ramus of the first cervical spinal nerve (C1). The suboccipital nerve runs to the posterior neck region from its origin. This nerve follows the vertebral artery along its route, which is why…

Meninges of the brain

Meninges of the Brain and Spinal cord

ByPoojasingh

Introduction The brain and spinal cord divide from the walls of their bony enclosures or illustrations (the skull and spinal column) by three membranes called meninges. Based on their position, meninges are mentioned as the cranial meninges which cover the brain, and spinal meninges which protect the spinal cord. Notwithstanding the fact that they share…

Cerebrospinal Fluid
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Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

ByPoojasingh

What is a Cerebrospinal Fluid? Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear or transparent, colorless plasma-like fluid that bathes or cleans the central nervous system (CNS). The system of cavities is established inside the brain and spinal cord, including the ventricles, the subarachnoid cavity of the cerebral cortex, the spinal cord, and the central canal of…

optic nerve
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Optic nerve (CN- 2)

ByPoojasingh

The optic nerve is highly important for your vision. It’s the 2nd cranial nerve out of 12 cranial nerves and part of your central nervous system, which includes your brain and spine. The optic nerve travels electrical impulses from your eyes toward your brain. Your brain processes according to sensory information so that you can…

Midbrain

Midbrain (Mesencephalon)

ByPoojasingh

The mesencephalon or midbrain is the greatest rostral (front) segment of the brainstem that joins the cerebellum and pons with the forebrain. For most of its portion, the midbrain sits in the posterior cranial fossa, crossing the hiatus of the tentorium cerebelli. The mesencephalon or midbrain is the smallest segment of the brainstem. However, it…

Forebrain

Forebrain

ByPoojasingh

Introduction of the forebrain The forebrain (prosencephalon) is the substantial part of the brain, most of which is the cerebrum. other cardinal structures present in the forebrain comprise the thalamus, the hypothalamus, and the limbic system. The cerebrum is bisected into two cerebral hemispheres connected by a mass of white matter called the corpus callosum….

Hindbrain

Hindbrain

ByPoojasingh

What is a Hindbrain? The hindbrain (developmentally obtain from the rhombencephalon) is one of the three major areas of the brain, situated at the lower back part of the brain. It comprises most of the brainstem and a dense coral-shaped composition called the cerebellum. The brainstem is one of the very important parts of the…