Shoulder Joint Anatomy The shoulder joint (or glenohumeral joint from Greek glene, eyeball, + -oid, ‘form of’, + Latin humerus, shoulder) is structurally classified as a synovial ball and socket joint and functionally as a diarthrosis and multiaxial joint. It involves articulation between the glenoid cavity of the scapula (shoulder blade) and the head of…
Introduction The orbicularis oculi is a muscle in the face that closes the eyelids. It arises from the nasal part of the frontal bone, from the frontal process of the maxilla in front of the lacrimal groove, and from the anterior surface and borders of a short fibrous band, the medial palpebral ligament. From this…
The elbow joint is a synovial joint found in the upper limb between the arm and the forearm. It is the point of articulation of three bones: The humerus of the arm and the radius and the ulna of the forearm. The elbow joint is classified structurally as a synovial joint. It is also classified…
Gluteus Maximus Muscle Anatomy The gluteus maximus is the main extensor muscle of the hip. It is the largest and outermost of the three gluteal muscles and makes up a large part of the shape and appearance of each side of the hips. Its thick fleshy mass, in a quadrilateral shape, forms the prominence of…
MUSCLES LIST : MUSCLE OF GLUTEAL REGION : Muscle Name Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Blood Supply Action Gluteus maximus outer surface of ilium, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur inferior gluteal nerve inferior gluteal artery extends & laterally rotates thigh; through iliotibial tract, it extends knee joint Gluteus minimus outer…
Soleus Muscle Anatomy In humans and some other mammals, the soleus is a powerful muscle in the back part of the lower leg (the calf). It runs from just below the knee to the heel and is involved in standing and walking. It is closely connected to the gastrocnemius muscle. the soleus is responsible for…
Introduction: Wherever skin, muscles, or tendons need to slide over the bone is home to bursae. A bursa (singular) is a sac made of thin, slippery tissue. They could be compared to a blister as they are lubricated with a small amount of fluid inside their outer layer. A healthy bursa helps reduce friction created…
INTRODUCTION: A brachial plexus injury (BPI), also known as brachial plexus lesion, is an injury to the brachial plexus, the network of nerves that conducts signals from the spinal cord to the shoulder, arm and hand. These nerves originate in the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth cervical (C5–C8), and first thoracic (T1) spinal nerves, and…
Introduction The Hypoglossal nerve is the twelfth cranial nerve, and innervates all the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue, except for the palatoglossus which is innervated by the vagus nerve. It is a nerve with a sole motor function. Hypoglossal Nerve Anatomy The nerve arises from the hypoglossal nucleus in the medulla as a…
Introduction The accessory nerve is a cranial nerve that supplies the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. It is considered the eleventh of twelve pairs of cranial nerves, or simply cranial nerve XI, as part of it was formerly believed to originate in the brain. The accessory nerve divides it into a spinal part and a cranial…
