Introduction The trigeminal nerve (the fifth cranial nerve, or simply CN V) is a nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing; it is the most complex of the cranial nerves. Its name (“trigeminal” = tri-, or three, and – geminus, or twin: thrice-twinned) derives from the fact…
Introduction Neck muscles are bodies of tissue that produce motion in the neck when stimulated. The muscles of the neck run from the base of the skull to the upper back and work together to bend the head and assist in breathing. The neck muscles include Platysma, Sternocleidomastoid, Splenius capitis muscle, Longus capitis muscle, Longus…
The facial nerve is the seventh cranial nerve, or simply CN VII. It emerges from the pons of the brainstem, controls the muscles of facial expression, and functions in the conveyance of taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The nerves typically travel from the pons through the facial canal in the temporal…
Gluteal nerve divides in superior & inferior gluteal nerve 1.Superior gluteal nerve 2.Inferior gluteal nerve 1.Superior gluteal nerve Anatomy of Superior Gluteal Nerve: The superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1) passes through the sciatic notch above the piriformis muscle. It supplies the gluteus medius, minimus, and tensor fasciae latae muscles. The inferior gluteal nerve (L5,…
Introduction The muscles that are involved in the act of gripping are known as Grip Muscles, the Grip Muscles are flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digiti minimi brevis, flexor pollicis longus, extensor digitorum, lumbricals, interossei, adductor pollicis. Anatomy of Grip Muscles 1. Flexor Digitorum Profundus Origin It originates from the upper 3/4 of…
Introduction The scapula provides attachment for several groups of muscles. scapular muscles include the supraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor, infraspinatus, deltoid, and teres major. These muscles attach to the scapular surface and assist with abduction and external and internal rotation of the glenohumeral joint. Anatomy of scapular muscles 1. Supraspinatus Origin It originates from the medial…
The sural nerve is a sensory nerve in the calf region (sura) of the leg. It is made up of branches of the tibial nerve and common fibular nerve, the medial cutaneous branch from the tibial nerve, and the lateral cutaneous branch from the common fibular nerve. Once formed, the nerves run down the mid-calf…
Introduction to Elbow Flexors The flexor group – including the brachialis, biceps brachii, and brachioradialis bend the arm by decreasing the angle between the forearm and upper arm. The brachialis is the primary flexor of the elbow and is found mainly in the upper arm between the humerus and the ulna. Superficial to the brachialis…
Obturator Nerve Anatomy The obturator nerve begins at the medial border of the psoas major muscle. It travels through the obturator foramen (an opening in the pelvic bone) before entering the thigh, where it branches into two parts, an anterior branch and a posterior branch. The nerve is part of a group of nerves called…
Common Peroneal Nerve Anatomy The common fibular nerve (common peroneal nerve; external popliteal nerve; lateral popliteal nerve) is a nerve in the lower leg that provides sensation over the posterolateral part of the leg and the knee joint. It divides at the knee into two terminal branches: The superficial fibular nerve and deep fibular nerve,…
