Introduction The hyoid bone is a small, U-shaped bone located in the upper neck of humans and other mammals. Despite its diminutive size, the hyoid plays an integral role in swallowing and speech. This unique bone has mystified anatomists and evolutionary biologists due to its distinctive shape and placement within the body. As the only…
Core Muscles Injury, also known as athletic pubalgia or sports hernia, is an injury to a tendon or muscle in the lower abdomen or groin that causes chronic discomfort. It’s a misnomer; it’s not a genuine hernia, which is when an organ protrudes through the wall of the cavity that supports it. Core Muscles Injury,…
Introduction The quadriceps tendon is a complex yet crucial structure to proper knee function that connects the four quadriceps muscles of the thigh to the shinbone. It transmits tremendous pull from the upper leg to the lower leg, facilitating activities like walking, running, jumping, and climbing. More specifically, the quadriceps muscles converge into one common…
A calf muscle sprain is a common injury that occurs when the muscles at the back of the lower leg are stretched or torn. This type of injury often results from sudden movements, overuse, or inadequate warm-up before physical activity. The calf muscles, comprised of the gastrocnemius and soleus, play a crucial role in activities…
Overview A scaphoid fracture is a common injury that occurs in the wrist, specifically involving the scaphoid bone, which is one of the small bones located near the base of the thumb. The scaphoid plays a crucial role in wrist movement and stability. Fractures of the scaphoid typically result from a fall onto an outstretched…
Introduction An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fracture is a type of injury that involves the tearing away of a fragment of bone along with the attached ACL. The ACL is a crucial ligament in the knee that helps stabilize and control the joint during various movements. When a significant force is applied to the…
Introduction A navicular fracture is a partial or complete crack in the navicular bone, one of the tarsal bones in the midfoot. Navicular stress fractures are caused by repetitive overloading of the bone, which overcomes its structural integrity. If not properly treated, navicular stress fractures can disrupt blood supply and lead to nonunion, delayed union,…
Introduction Cuneiform fractures are relatively uncommon, accounting for only 1-3% of all foot fractures. The cuneiform bones are three wedge-shaped tarsal bones located between the navicular and metatarsal bones in the midfoot. However, when they do occur, cuneiform fractures can be debilitating if not managed properly. Cuneiform fractures are often the result of high-energy trauma…
Introduction A calcaneal fracture refers to a break or cracks in the heel bone, known as the calcaneus. The calcaneus is the largest bone in the foot and plays a crucial role in weight-bearing and walking. Calcaneal fractures often result from high-energy injuries, such as falls from heights or automobile accidents, and can cause significant…
A cuboid bone fracture refers to a break or crack in the cuboid bone, which is one of the seven tarsal bones located in the foot. The cuboid bone plays a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity of the foot and facilitating various movements, particularly in the midfoot region. Introduction The cuboid bone, located…
