What is Coronary artery disease (CAD)? Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as ischemic heart disease (IHD), refers to a group of diseases that includes stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. It is within the group of cardiovascular diseases of which it is the most common type. A common symptom is…
What is Blood pressure (BP)? Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels. Used without further specification, “blood pressure” usually refers to the pressure in large arteries of the systemic circulation. Blood pressure is usually expressed in terms of the systolic pressure (maximum during one heart beat) over…
What is Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Injury? Your medial collateral ligament (MCL) is the knee ligament on the medial (inner) side of your knee connecting the medial femoral condyle and the medial tibial condyle. It is one of four major knee ligaments that help to stabilize the knee joint. It is a flat band of…
What is a Facial Palsy? Facial nerve palsy is a condition that causes weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles. The facial nerve is responsible for controlling muscle movement in the face, and its function is vital to everyday life. Facial nerve palsy can be caused by a number of factors, including viral infections, trauma…
What is an Aerobic Exercise? Aerobic exercise is sometimes known as “cardio” — an exercise that requires the pumping of oxygenated blood by the heart to deliver oxygen to working muscles.Aerobic exercise stimulates the heart rate and breathing rate to increase in a way that can be sustained for the exercise session. In contrast, anaerobic…
What is a Postural Drainage? Postural Drainage removes mucus from certain parts of the lungs by using gravity and proper positioning to bring the secretions into the throat where it is easier to remove them. The lungs are divided into segments called lobes, the right lung is divided into three lobes (right upper lobe, right…
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY – Respiratory physiology is the process of incorporation of oxygen into the environment for the utilization of energy from organic compounds and for the elimination of carbon dioxide. TIDAL VOLUME(500 ml) The volume of air breathed in and out at rest is known as the tidal volume (TV). This is found to be…
What is a Nebulizer? A nebulizer is a medical device that converts liquid medication into a fine mist or aerosol, which can then be inhaled directly into the lungs through a mouthpiece or mask. This method of delivery is particularly effective for patients with respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and…
DEFINATION- ”A pneumothorax is an abnormal collection of air in the pleural space between the lung and the chest wall”. Symptoms typically include sudden onset of sharp, one-sided chest pain and shortness of breath. In a minority of cases the amount of air in the chest increases when a one-way valve is formed by an…
DEFINATION- ”A pleural effusion is excess fluid that accumulates in the pleural cavity, the fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs. This excess fluid can impair breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs”. Various kinds of pleural effusion, depending on the nature of the fluid and what caused its entry into the pleural space, are…
