What is a Cerebrospinal Fluid? Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear or transparent, colorless plasma-like fluid that bathes or cleans the central nervous system (CNS). The system of cavities is established inside the brain and spinal cord, including the ventricles, the subarachnoid cavity of the cerebral cortex, the spinal cord, and the central canal of…
Overview The nervous system is formed by the vast neural networks; signaling within these circuits allows thinking, language, feeling, learning, memory, and all function and sensation. It is well-established that via the plasticity of existing cells our nervous systems can adjust to situations or circumstances not previously encountered, but it also has been shown that…
Introduction The musculocutaneous nerve is a terminal branch of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus that carries fibers of cervical spinal nerves five along seven (i.e., C5, C6, & C7). The musculocutaneous nerve leaves the axilla & rapidly descends into the coracobrachialis muscle fibers. The musculocutaneous nerve supplies the biceps brachii & brachialis muscles…
The sacral plexus is a network of nerve fibers that supply the skin & muscles of the pelvis & lower limb. the sacral plexus is present on the surface of the posterior pelvic wall, anterior to the piriformis muscle. The plexus is formed by the anterior rami (divisions) of the sacral spinal nerves S1, S2,…
What is the spinal cord? The spinal cord is a long, tube-like band of tissue. It connects the brain to the lower back. the spinal cord carries nerve signals from the brain to the body & vice versa. These nerve signals help you feel sensations & move the body. Any injury or disease to the…
What is Klumpke’s Palsy? Klumpke’s palsy, named after Augusta Dejerine-Klumpke, is neuropathy that involves the lower part of the brachial plexus.Usually, the 8th cervical and 1st thoracic nerves are commonly injured either before or after they have joined to form the lower trunk. This injury leads to a stretching (neuropraxia,), tearing (called “avulsion” when the…
What is Pseudobulbar Palsy? Pseudobulbar palsy is a form of upper motor neuron disease in which bulbar innervated muscles are affected. This palsy is caused by bilateral supranuclear lesions involving the corticobulbar pathways. Most common types of bulbar palsy are progressive bulbar palsy (PBP) and pseudobulbar palsy. Most common symptoms are dysphagia, nasal regurgitation, choking,…
Modified Ashworth Scale of Spasticity is a common scale to use for measuring spasticity in those with cerebral palsy, stroke, and other neurological disorders. The Modified Ashworth Scale is a scale that is used to quantify the amount of spasticity or stiffness in a patient. The Modified Ashworth Scale has five different symptom severity levels…
Sciatica Nerve Pain is if you develop a pain that starts in your lower back or buttock and which radiates down your leg, your problem can be sciatica. Sciatica pain is mainly described with a wide variety of characteristics. This pain has the potential to worsen over time and can become debilitating. The pain might…
Left Hemiplegia define : Left Hemiplegia is a condition where left side of the body is paralyzed. Left Hemiplegia is caused by damage to the brain of right side or after a stroke. Symptoms include loss of sensation, lack of coordination, lack of balance, and the inability to properly use the muscles on left side…
