Introduction The postero-lateral side of the thoracic cage contains the scapula, a slender, flat triangular bone. It has three borders, three angles, two surfaces, and three processes. The bone that joins the clavicle with the humerus is called the scapula, or shoulder blade. The Back of the shoulder girdle is formed by the scapula. It…
What is a Caffeine Withdrawal? Caffeine withdrawal refers to the set of symptoms that individuals may experience when they abruptly reduce or eliminate their regular caffeine intake. Caffeine is a natural stimulant found in coffee, tea, chocolate, and various energy drinks and medications. It affects the central nervous system, temporarily warding off drowsiness and restoring…
Knee popping, often accompanied by pain, is a common concern that many individuals experience at some point in their lives. The knee is a complex joint, consisting of bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage, and its proper functioning is crucial for maintaining mobility and stability. On the other hand, knee popping and pain may also occur,…
Overview Two L-shaped bones around the back of the nasal and mouth cavities are called the palatine bones. These bones are categorized as irregular and play a role in the development of the nasal cavities, viscerocranium, and bony hard palate. The os palatinum, often known as the palatine bone, is an uneven, flat, paired facial…
The ankle joint is a complex structure that plays a crucial role in providing stability and facilitating movement in the lower extremities. Several ligaments contribute to the overall stability of the ankle, connecting the bones and ensuring proper joint function. There are three main ligaments that form the lateral (outer) aspect of the ankle joint:…
What is a Pelvic Floor Muscles? The pelvic floor muscles are a crucial group of muscles located at the base of the pelvis, forming a supportive hammock-like structure that plays a vital role in various bodily functions. Comprising layers of muscle fibers, ligaments, and connective tissues, the pelvic floor provides essential support for the pelvic…
Overview The hip bone, also called the innominate bone, pelvic bone, or coxal bone, is an unevenly shaped, both sides of bone of the bony pelvis. It is a compound structure comprising the three smaller bones of the pubis, ischium, and ilium. The ischium is situated posteroinferiorly, the pubis or pubic bone creates the anterior portion of…
The ligaments of the shoulder are strong, flexible bands of connective tissue. They are essential for passive shoulder stability because they maintain the shoulder joints, attach bone to bone, and restrict mobility. The shoulder is composed of several joints, each of which is supported by numerous ligaments. The ligaments in the shoulder aid in pulling the…
Introduction The structure of bone tissue is a connective tissue that is metabolically active, helps with mobility, supports structure, and shields important organs. Osteocytes, bone cells, and extracellular matrix make up bone. The correct circumstances cause bone tissue to go through a mineralization process where calcium is deposited and hardens the tissue. Because of its…
Which are the Muscles Behind The Knee? The anatomy of the back of the knee is complex. The thigh and calf muscles flow through this region, along with the knee joint positioned in the center. First, the big hamstring muscles link to the lower leg bones by passing over the knee from the pelvis. Furthermore,…
